As a new radar data acquisition system (RDA) was developed for the Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR), enhanced signal processing algorithms taking advantage of its increased capabilities were also developed. The primary goals of protecting the base data estimates from range-aliased signals and providing reliable velocity dealiasing were achieved through multiple pulse repetition interval (PRI) and phase coding methods. An innovative radial-by-radial adaptive selection process was used to take full advantage of the different techniques, the first time such an approach has been implemented for weather radars. Improvement in clutter filtering was also achieved. This report discusses in detail these new RDA signal processing algorithms.