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Radar Beacon Transponder (RBX) installation and siting criteria

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-106

Summary

The Radar BEacon Transponder (RBX) is a ground-based facility used in conjunction with other elements of the Active Beacon Collision Avoidance System (BCAS) to control the threat detection sensitivity level of BCAS aircraft and to convey displayed Resolution Advisories from the BCAS aircraft to the local ATC terminal facility. This paper describes the mechanisms of specular multipath reflection and signal shadowing and discussed their impact on the RBX link power budget. Criteria for choice of RBX antenna height and location are presented.
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Summary

The Radar BEacon Transponder (RBX) is a ground-based facility used in conjunction with other elements of the Active Beacon Collision Avoidance System (BCAS) to control the threat detection sensitivity level of BCAS aircraft and to convey displayed Resolution Advisories from the BCAS aircraft to the local ATC terminal facility. This...

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Radar Beacon Transponder (RBX) functional description

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-104

Summary

The Radar Beacon Transponder (RBX) is a ground-based transponder used to control the threat-detection sensitivity level of BCAS aircraft operating in high density terminal airspace. THe RBX is also used to deliver displayed resolution advisories from BCAS to the ATC facility. The normal DABS interrogation waveforms and message formats are used for communication between the RBX and BCAS aircraft. The appropriate BCAS sensitivity level is selected by comparing the BCAS aircraft position with an internally stored sensitivity level map of the surrounding airspace volume. This document provides a functional description of the RBX and shows that reliable performance is achievable in the presence of interference from ATCRBS and BCAS air-to-air interrogations.
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Summary

The Radar Beacon Transponder (RBX) is a ground-based transponder used to control the threat-detection sensitivity level of BCAS aircraft operating in high density terminal airspace. THe RBX is also used to deliver displayed resolution advisories from BCAS to the ATC facility. The normal DABS interrogation waveforms and message formats are...

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Registration errors in a netted air surveillance system

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report TN-1980-40

Summary

Today's tactical military air surveillance radars generally operate in a stand-alone configuration. The many performance improvements that result when data from multiple radars of this type are merged have made such netted operations an attractive goal for many years. A major obstacle to achieving this goal has traditionally been the difficulty associated with the registration of multisensor data, the expression of the data in a common coordinate system free from errors due to site uncertainty, antenna orientation, and improper alignment. This report presents the results of a modest effort to develop a self-registration procedure by which multiple radar sensors operating in consort each calculate the errors In their data by comparing it with data from the remainder of the system and then uses the information to upgrade performance. The technique has been tested with experimental data and appears quite capable of improving system performance, measured in terms of residual inter-site bias errors, by almost a factor of one hundred.
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Summary

Today's tactical military air surveillance radars generally operate in a stand-alone configuration. The many performance improvements that result when data from multiple radars of this type are merged have made such netted operations an attractive goal for many years. A major obstacle to achieving this goal has traditionally been the...

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The DABS data link airborne intelligent display operator's manual

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-100

Summary

The Federal Aviation Administration is currently evaluating the Discrete Address Beacon System (DABS) which will provide increased air traffic safety in current and future air traffic conditions. In addition to improved surveillance accuracy and reliability, DABS provides a two-way data link between the DABS sensor and all DABS transponder equipped aircraft in view. A DABS data link avionics system, called the Airborne Intelligent Display (AID), was developed by M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory for the purpose of evaluating and demonstrating initial and future data link applications. The microprocessor-based AID system communicates with the DABS ground sensor through the DABS transponder onboard the aircraft. Data link information included in uplink interrogations to the transponder is decoded in the airborne microprocessor and then made available to the pilot on a high visibility cathode ray tube display. The purpose of this report is to describe the operation and use of the AID.
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Summary

The Federal Aviation Administration is currently evaluating the Discrete Address Beacon System (DABS) which will provide increased air traffic safety in current and future air traffic conditions. In addition to improved surveillance accuracy and reliability, DABS provides a two-way data link between the DABS sensor and all DABS transponder equipped...

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Format for DABS data link applications

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-96

Summary

The purpose of this paper is to describe formats developed for transmitting aviation-related messages over the Discrete Address Beacon System (DABS) data link. Initial data link applications include: (1) Minimum Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW) alerts (Terminal Area) (2) Takeoff Clearance Confirmation (3) Altitude Assignment Clearance Confirmation (Enroute) (4) Weather Reports (a) Surface Observations (b) Terminal Forecasts (c) Pilot Reports (d) Winds Aloft (e) Hazardous Weather Advisories (f) Digitized Weather Radar Maps (5) Enhanced terminal Information Service (ETIS) (6) Downlink of Airborne Measurements. The formats described in this paper cover the DABS communications formats for uplink messages from the DABS sensor to the airborne data link system, and the downlink messages from the aircraft. Downlink messages include pilot requests for routine weather information and ETIS service, pilot acknowledgements for uplink tactical messages, and airborne measurements.
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Summary

The purpose of this paper is to describe formats developed for transmitting aviation-related messages over the Discrete Address Beacon System (DABS) data link. Initial data link applications include: (1) Minimum Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW) alerts (Terminal Area) (2) Takeoff Clearance Confirmation (3) Altitude Assignment Clearance Confirmation (Enroute) (4) Weather Reports...

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The Transportable Measurements Facility (TMF) system description

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-91
Topic:

Summary

This report describes the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Transportable Measurements Facility (TMF), a special purpose beacon interrogator patterned after the Discrete Address Beacon Sensor. This van-mounted experimental beacon system includes all ATCRBS/DABS reply processing and monopulse processing, but not other DABS processing. It was developed to collect data at various locations in the United States so that candidate DABS sensor antenna and processing could be evaluated in a real environment. The TMF has been installed and operated at: Logan Airport (Boston), Deer Island, MA (near Logan), Washington National Airport (DCA), Philadelphia Int. Airport (PHL), Clementon, NJ (near Philadelphia), Los Angeles Int. Airport (LAX), Brea, CA (25 miles east of LAX), Salt Lake City, UT (SLC), Layton, UT (near Salt Lake City), Las Vegas Airport (LAS), and Green Airport (Warwick, RI).
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Summary

This report describes the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Transportable Measurements Facility (TMF), a special purpose beacon interrogator patterned after the Discrete Address Beacon Sensor. This van-mounted experimental beacon system includes all ATCRBS/DABS reply processing and monopulse processing, but not other DABS processing. It was developed to collect data at various locations...

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DABS: Functional Description (Revision A)

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-42,A

Summary

This document provides a functional description of the Discrete Address Beacon System (DABS), a combined secondary surveillance radar (beacon) and ground-air-ground data link system capable of providing the aircraft surveillance and communications necessary to support ATC automation in future traffic environments. DABS is capable of common-channel interoperation with the current ATC beacon system, and may be implemented at low user cost over an extended ATCRBS-to-DABS transition period. In supporting ATC automation, DABS will provide the surveillance and communication performance required by the Automatic Traffic Advisory and Resolution Service (ATARS), the reliable communications needed to support data link services, and the capability of operating with a terminal or enroute, radar digitizer-equipped, ATC surveillance radar. The material contained in this document updates and expands the information presented in "DABS: A System Description", FAA-RD-74-189, November 1974.
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Summary

This document provides a functional description of the Discrete Address Beacon System (DABS), a combined secondary surveillance radar (beacon) and ground-air-ground data link system capable of providing the aircraft surveillance and communications necessary to support ATC automation in future traffic environments. DABS is capable of common-channel interoperation with the current...

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Generation of the DABS network coverage map

Author:
Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-98

Summary

This paper describes the technique of designing the network management coverage map files necessary to coordinate a network of DABS sensors. First, the concept of the DABS network is defined, and the functions of Network Management are briefly described, as they relate to the coverage map. Then, the rationale for the coverage map is given together with definitions of the map structure and the information required in the file. Implementation of these definitions is illustrated in terms of a specific example: a network of four DABS sensors in the Washington, D.C. area. As configured, each of the sensors provides service to only one of four ATC facilities (three TRACONs and one ARTCC). The resulting map generation process illustrates not only the general principles but also the significant effects of ATC control area geometry and ATARs requirements. Finally, the procedure required for automated map generation is defined. This procedure assumes the use of an interactive computer display terminal and is applicable to any sensor network and ATC facility configuration.
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Summary

This paper describes the technique of designing the network management coverage map files necessary to coordinate a network of DABS sensors. First, the concept of the DABS network is defined, and the functions of Network Management are briefly described, as they relate to the coverage map. Then, the rationale for...

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Zoom antenna

Published in:
Project Report ATC-90, MIT Lincoln Laboratory

Summary

In current ATC radars, high altitude targets are at a disadvantage when competing with low altitude undesired returns such as ground clutter and birds. The "zoom antenna" technique is proposed as a means of virtually eliminating this problem. An implementation based on control of multiple elevation beams during each range sweep interval is recommended as applicable to both S-band and L-band ATC radars.
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Summary

In current ATC radars, high altitude targets are at a disadvantage when competing with low altitude undesired returns such as ground clutter and birds. The "zoom antenna" technique is proposed as a means of virtually eliminating this problem. An implementation based on control of multiple elevation beams during each range...

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DABS installation and siting criteria

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-99

Summary

This paper provides information on site-associated phenomena that affect the proper operation of a DABS sensor and therefore warrant serious consideration when siting a radar. The DABS-related discussion is intended to be a supplement to the ATCRBS siting criteria presented in the FAA Primary/Secondary Terminal Radar Siting Handbook. The paper discusses siting criteria as they relate to the DABS sensor antenna system, as opposed to the ATCRBS hogtrough antenna, and importantly, addresses those characteristics of the surrounding environment that are crucial to proper DABS/ATARS surveillance.
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Summary

This paper provides information on site-associated phenomena that affect the proper operation of a DABS sensor and therefore warrant serious consideration when siting a radar. The DABS-related discussion is intended to be a supplement to the ATCRBS siting criteria presented in the FAA Primary/Secondary Terminal Radar Siting Handbook. The paper...

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