Publications
Large-format Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays and readout circuits
Summary
Summary
Over the past 20 years, we have developed arrays of custom-fabricated silicon and InP Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays, CMOS readout circuits to digitally count or time stamp single-photon detection events, and techniques to integrate these two components to make back-illuminated solid-state image sensors for lidar, optical communications, and passive imaging...
State of the art focal plane arrays of InP/InGaAsP Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes for active electro-optical applications
Summary
Summary
MIT Lincoln Laboratory has developed InP/InGaAsP Geiger-Mode Avalanche Photodiodes and associated readout integrated circuits (ROICs) that have enabled numerous active optical systems over the past decade. Framed and asynchronous photon timing ROIC architectures have been demonstrated. In recent years, efforts at MITLL have focused on technology development to advance the...
Crosstalk characterization and mitigation in Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays
Summary
Summary
Intra focal plane array (FPA) crosstalk is a primary development limiter of large, fine-pixel Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode (Gm-APD) arrays beyond 256×256 pixels. General analysis methods and results from MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT/LL) InP-based detector arrays will be presented.
Impact ionization in AlxGa1-xASySb1-y avalanche photodiodes
Summary
Summary
Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) have been fabricated in order to determine the impact ionization coefficients of electrons (alpha) and holes (beta) in AlxGa1-xAsySb1-y lattice matched to GaSb for three alloy compositions: (x=0.40, y=0.035), (x=0.55, y=0.045), and (x=0.65, y=0.054). The impact ionization coefficients were calculated from photomultiplication measurements made on specially designed...
Readout circuitry for continuous high-rate photon detection with arrays of InP Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes
Summary
Summary
An asynchronous readout integrated circuit (ROIC) has been developed for hybridization to a 32x32 array of single-photon sensitive avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The asynchronous ROIC is capable of simultaneous detection and readout of photon times of arrival, with no array blind time. Each pixel in the array is independently operated by...
InP-based single-photon detector arrays with asynchronous readout integrated circuits
Summary
Summary
We have developed and demonstrated a highduty- cycle asynchronous InGaAsP-based photon counting detector system with near-ideal Poisson response, roomtemperature operation, and nanosecond timing resolution for near-infrared applications. The detector is based on an array of Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes coupled to a custom integrated circuit that provides for lossless readout via...
Reliable large format arrays of Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes
Summary
Summary
The fabrication of reliable InP-based Geigermode avalanche photodiode arrays is described. Arrays of up to 256 x 64 elements have been produced and mated to silicon read-out circuits forming single-photon infrared focal plane imagers for 1.06 and 1.5 mum applications.
Organometallic vapor phase epitaxy of relaxed InPAs/InP as multiplication layers for avalanche photodiodes
Summary
Summary
InP1-yAsy epitaxial layers grown lattice-mismatched (LMM) on InP substrates were investigated as a new materials system for multiplication layers in Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GM APDs) for detection of photons in the range 1.6-2.5 mm. LMM InP1-yAsy epilayers were grown on semi-insulating (1 0 0) InP substrates misoriented 0.2 and 2...
Arrays of InP-based avalanche photodiodes for photon counting
Summary
Summary
Arrays of InP-based avalanche photodiodes (APDs) with InGaAsP absorber regions have been fabricated and characterized in the Geiger mode for photon-counting applications. Measurements of APDs with InGaAsP absorbers optimized for 1.06 um wavelength show dark count rates (DCRs)
Afterpulsing in Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes for 1.06um wavelength
Summary
Summary
We consider the phenomenon of afterpulsing in avalanche photodiodes (APDs) operating in gated and free-running Geiger mode. An operational model of afterpulsing and other noise characteristics of APDs predicts the noise behavior observed in the free-running mode. We also use gated-mode data to investigate possible sources of afterpulsing in these...