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Advisory services for user composition tools

Summary

We have developed an ontology based framework that evaluates compatibility between processing modules within an end user development framework, using MIT Lincoln Laboratory's Composable Analytics environment as a test case. In particular, we focus on inter-module semantic compatibility as well as compatibility between data and modules. Our framework includes a core ontology that provides an extendible vocabulary that can describe module attributes, module input and output requirements and preferences, and data characteristics that are pertinent to selecting appropriate modules in a given situation. Based on the ontological description of the modules and data, we first present a framework that takes a rule based approach in measuring semantic compatibility. Later, we extend the rule based approach to a flexible fuzzy logic based semantic compatibility evaluator. We have built an initial simulator to test module compatibility under varying situations. The simulator takes in the ontological description of the modules and data and calculates semantic compatibility. We believe the framework and simulation environment together will help both the developers test new modules they create as well as support end users in composing new capabilities. In this paper, we describe the details of the framework, the simulation environment, and our iterative process in developing the module ontology.
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Summary

We have developed an ontology based framework that evaluates compatibility between processing modules within an end user development framework, using MIT Lincoln Laboratory's Composable Analytics environment as a test case. In particular, we focus on inter-module semantic compatibility as well as compatibility between data and modules. Our framework includes a...

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Terminal Flight Data Manager (TFDM) runway balancing capability assessment

Published in:
MIT Lincoln Laboratory Report ATC-421

Summary

Under the Terminal Flight Data Manager program, new operational improvements are envisioned at a number of large airports. One operational improvement manifests through the Airport Resource Management tool, which seeks to balance departure demand at runways. Another related operational improvement is runway balancing, which is expected to provide greater flexibility in tactical runway assignments. Both improvements are expected to reduce surface delays for departing aircraft. This report provides a study into the potential delay-reduction benefits of both capabilities at three case-study airports (DFW, LAX, and MCO). Through a series of simulation studies, it is found that the benefits associated with each operational improvement are closely linked to departure demand and imbalances in demand across filed aircraft departure procedures. So, while large delay-reduction benefits are expected at LAX--which exhibits both large demand and departure imbalances--smaller benefits are expected at DFW where departure operations are already well-balanced. Meanwhile at MCO, the operational improvements are not expected to reduce delays due to limited departure demand at the airport.
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Summary

Under the Terminal Flight Data Manager program, new operational improvements are envisioned at a number of large airports. One operational improvement manifests through the Airport Resource Management tool, which seeks to balance departure demand at runways. Another related operational improvement is runway balancing, which is expected to provide greater flexibility...

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Joint audio-visual mining of uncooperatively collected video: FY14 Line-Supported Information, Computation, and Exploitation Program

Summary

The rate at which video is being created and gathered is rapidly accelerating as access to means of production and distribution expand. This rate of increase, however, is greatly outpacing the development of content-based tools to help users sift through this unstructured, multimedia data. The need for such technologies becomes more acute when considering their potential value in critical, media-rich government applications such as Seized Media Analysis, Social Media Forensics, and Foreign Media Monitoring. A fundamental challenge in developing technologies in these application areas is that they are typically in low-resource data domains. Low-resource domains are ones where the lack of ground-truth labels and statistical support prevent the direct application of traditional machine learning approaches. To help bridge this capability gap, the Joint Audio and Visual Mining of Uncooperatively Collected Video ICE Line Program (2236-1301) is developing new technologies for better content-based search, summarization, and browsing of large collections of unstructured, uncooperatively collected multimedia. In particular, this effort seeks to improve capabilities in video understanding by jointly exploiting time aligned audio, visual, and text information, an approach which has been underutilized in both the academic and commercial communities. Exploiting subtle connections between and across multiple modalities in low-resource multimedia data helps enable deeper video understanding, and in some cases provides new capability where it previously didn't exist. This report outlines work done in Fiscal Year 2014 (FY14) by the cross-divisional, interdisciplinary team tasked to meet these objectives. In the following sections, we highlight technologies developed in FY14 to support efficient Query-by-Example, Attribute, Keyword Search and Cross-Media Exploration and Summarization. Additionally, we preview work proposed for Fiscal Year 2015 as well as summarize our external sponsor interactions and publications/presentations.
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Summary

The rate at which video is being created and gathered is rapidly accelerating as access to means of production and distribution expand. This rate of increase, however, is greatly outpacing the development of content-based tools to help users sift through this unstructured, multimedia data. The need for such technologies becomes...

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HEtest: a homomorphic encryption testing framework

Published in:
3rd Workshop on Encrypted Computing and Applied Homomorphic Cryptography (WAHC 2015), 30 January 2015.

Summary

In this work, we present a generic open-source software framework that can evaluate the correctness and performance of homomorphic encryption software. Our framework, called HEtest, automates the entire process of a test: generation of data for testing (such as circuits and inputs), execution of a test, comparison of performance to an insecure baseline, statistical analysis of the test results, and production of a LaTeX report. To illustrate the capability of our framework, we present a case study of our analysis of the open-source HElib homomorphic encryption software. We stress though that HEtest is written in a modular fashion, so it can easily be adapted to test any homomorphic encryption software.
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Summary

In this work, we present a generic open-source software framework that can evaluate the correctness and performance of homomorphic encryption software. Our framework, called HEtest, automates the entire process of a test: generation of data for testing (such as circuits and inputs), execution of a test, comparison of performance to...

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Engineered liquid crystal anchoring energies with nanopatterned surfaces

Published in:
Opt. Express, Vol. 23, No. 2, 26 January 2015, pp. 807-14.

Summary

The anchoring energy of liquid crystals was shown to be tunable by surface nanopatterning of periodic lines and spaces. Both the pitch and height were varied using hydrogen silsesquioxane negative tone electron beam resist, providing for flexibility in magnitude and spatial distribution of the anchoring energy. Using twisted nematic liquid crystal cells, it was shown that this energy is tunable over an order of magnitude. These results agree with a literature model which predicts the anchoring energy of sinusoidal grooves.
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Summary

The anchoring energy of liquid crystals was shown to be tunable by surface nanopatterning of periodic lines and spaces. Both the pitch and height were varied using hydrogen silsesquioxane negative tone electron beam resist, providing for flexibility in magnitude and spatial distribution of the anchoring energy. Using twisted nematic liquid...

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Using a big data database to identify pathogens in protein data space [e-print]

Summary

Current metagenomic analysis algorithms require significant computing resources, can report excessive false positives (type I errors), may miss organisms (type II errors/false negatives), or scale poorly on large datasets. This paper explores using big data database technologies to characterize very large metagenomic DNA sequences in protein space, with the ultimate goal of rapid pathogen identification in patient samples. Our approach uses the abilities of a big data databases to hold large sparse associative array representations of genetic data to extract statistical patterns about the data that can be used in a variety of ways to improve identification algorithms.
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Summary

Current metagenomic analysis algorithms require significant computing resources, can report excessive false positives (type I errors), may miss organisms (type II errors/false negatives), or scale poorly on large datasets. This paper explores using big data database technologies to characterize very large metagenomic DNA sequences in protein space, with the ultimate...

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Automated assessment of secure search systems

Summary

This work presents the results of a three-year project that assessed nine different privacy-preserving data search systems. We detail the design of a software assessment framework that focuses on low system footprint, repeatability, and reusability. A unique achievement of this project was the automation and integration of the entire test process, from the production and execution of tests to the generation of human-readable evaluation reports. We synthesize our experiences into a set of simple mantras that we recommend following in the design of any assessment framework.
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Summary

This work presents the results of a three-year project that assessed nine different privacy-preserving data search systems. We detail the design of a software assessment framework that focuses on low system footprint, repeatability, and reusability. A unique achievement of this project was the automation and integration of the entire test...

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Materials and fabrication sequences for water soluble silicon integrated circuits at the 90 nm node

Published in:
Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 106, No. 1, 5 January 2015, 014105.

Summary

Tungsten interconnects in silicon integrated circuits built at the 90 nm node with releasable configurations on silicon on insulator wafers serve as the basis for advanced forms of water-soluble electronics. These physically transient systems have potential uses in applications that range from temporary biomedical implants to zero-waste environmental sensors. Systemic experimental studies and modeling efforts reveal essential aspects of electrical performance in field effect transistors and complementary ring oscillators with as many as 499 stages. Accelerated tests reveal timescales for dissolution of the various constituent materials, including tungsten, silicon, and silicon dioxide. The results demonstrate that silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits formed with tungsten interconnects in foundry-compatible fabrication processes can serve as a path to high performance, mass-produced transient electronic systems.
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Summary

Tungsten interconnects in silicon integrated circuits built at the 90 nm node with releasable configurations on silicon on insulator wafers serve as the basis for advanced forms of water-soluble electronics. These physically transient systems have potential uses in applications that range from temporary biomedical implants to zero-waste environmental sensors. Systemic...

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NEU_MITLL @ TRECVid 2015: multimedia event detection by pre-trained CNN models

Summary

We introduce a framework for multimedia event detection (MED), which was developed for TRECVID 2015 using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect complex events via deterministic models trained on video frame data. We used several well-known CNN models designed to detect objects, scenes, and a combination of both (i.e., Hybrid-CNN). We also experimented with features from different networks fused together in different ways. The best score achieved was by fusing objects and scene detections at the feature-level (i.e., early fusion), resulting in a mean average precision (MAP) of 16.02%. Results showed that our framework is capable of detecting various complex events in videos when there are only a few instances of each within a large video search pool.
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Summary

We introduce a framework for multimedia event detection (MED), which was developed for TRECVID 2015 using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect complex events via deterministic models trained on video frame data. We used several well-known CNN models designed to detect objects, scenes, and a combination of both (i.e., Hybrid-CNN)...

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Wind Information Requirements for NextGen Applications - Phase 3 Final Report(3.98 MB)

Published in:
Project Report ATC-422, MIT Lincoln Laboratory

Summary

Many NextGen applications depend on access to high accuracy wind data due to time-based control elements, such as required time of arrival at a meter fix under 4D-Trajectory-Based Operations/Time of Arrival Control procedures or compliance to an assigned spacing goal between aircraft under Interval Management procedures. The work described in this report summarizes the activities conducted in FY14, which builds upon prior work.
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Summary

Many NextGen applications depend on access to high accuracy wind data due to time-based control elements, such as required time of arrival at a meter fix under 4D-Trajectory-Based Operations/Time of Arrival Control procedures or compliance to an assigned spacing goal between aircraft under Interval Management procedures. The work described in...

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